Which term refers to the surgical removal of tissue or organ?

The term that refers to the surgical removal of tissue or an organ is "ectomy." This suffix is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate that a surgical procedure involves excision or removal. For example, a "appendectomy" is the surgical removal of the appendix, and a "hysterectomy" refers to the removal of the uterus. The focus of the term is on the act of cutting out or excising a particular part of the body, which is vital in various medical procedures aimed at treating diseases, obstructions, or other medical conditions.

The other options represent different medical terms not related to surgical removal. For instance, "edema" refers to swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues, "genesis" denotes the origin or creation of something, and "emesis" refers to vomiting. Each of these terms has its own specific meaning within the realm of medical terminology, but they do not pertain to the act of surgical excision.