What does the term "cortic/o" refer to in medical terminology?

In medical terminology, the prefix "cortic/o" specifically refers to the outer layer of an organ or structure. This term is most commonly associated with the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal gland) and the cerebral cortex (the outer layer of the cerebrum in the brain). When discussing systems or organs, "cortic/o" indicates the cortex or outer part as opposed to other layers such as inner or middle layers. Understanding this root can help in recognizing related terms that pertain to structures that have a layering system. This foundational knowledge assists in interpreting a wide range of medical terminology in various contexts, particularly in anatomy and physiology.